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Lancôme is a French perfume and cosmetics company founded by Armand Petitjean, a former Coty employee, in 1935. The name Lancôme was inspired by the ruins of a castle, Le Château de Lancosme and the brand's rose symbol was inspired by the roses that surround it.

Lancôme launched its first five fragrances in 1935 at the World's Fair in Brussels: Tendre Nuit, Bocages, Conquete, Kypre and Tropiques. Petitjean entered into the skincare market by launching his first "all-purpose repair cream", Nutrix in 1936, followed by make-up, cosmetics and skincare products. Lancôme joined L'Oréal family group in 1964 and became part of its luxury products division.

The first edition was created in 1935 and the latest is "Idôle Power Lancôme", launched in 2025.